Melanoma
| PAG Title | Melanoma |
| PAG ID | WAG001431 |
| Type | P |
| Source Link |  KEGG |
| Publication Reference | NA |
| PAG Description | Melanoma is a form of skin cancer that has a poor prognosis and which is on the rise in Western populations. Melanoma arises from the malignt transformation of pigment-producing cells, melanocytes. The only known environmental risk factor is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light and in people with fair skin the risk is greatly increased. Melanoma pathogenesis is also driven by genetic factors. Oncogenic NRAS mutations activate both effector pathways Raf-MEK-ERK and PI3K-Akt. The Raf-MEK-ERK pathway may also be activated via mutations in the BRAF gene. The PI3K-Akt pathway may be activated through loss or mutation of the inhibitory tumor suppressor gene PTEN. These mutations arise early during melanoma pathogenesis and are preserved throughout tumor progression. Melanoma development has been shown to be strongly associated with ictivation of the p16INK4a/cyclin dependent kises 4 and 6/retinoblastoma protein (p16INK4a/CDK4,6/pRb) and p14ARF/human double minute 2/p53 (p14ARF/HMD2/p53) tumor suppressor pathways. MITF and TP53 are implicated in further melanoma progression. |
| Species | Homo sapiens |
| Quality Metric Scores | nCoCo Score: 4,305 |
| Information Content | Rich |
| Other IDs | hsa05218 |
| Base PAG ID | WAG001431 |
| Human Phenotyte Annotation | |
| Curator | PAGER curation team |
| Curator Contact | PAGER-contact@googlegroups.com |
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